For farmers in particular, the advent of future climate change means that their job will become even more stressful. Work-related stress is defined as a conflict when the demands of work are high, and the worker cannot manage, control, or cope with that stress. Stress has dominated the literature as one of the most broadly researched psychosocial constructs, mainly in the work-related stress area. Particularly, stress is associated with an increased prevalence of mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety. It has been shown that chronic stressors have a major influence on well-being and health. Studies on mental health in farming communities around the world have identified several common risk factors, namely: commodity prices, debt, climate change, drought, overwork, government regulations, isolation, role conflict, time pressure, and poor housing. Farming is associated with a range of physical and mental health risks because of the hard work under challenging conditions. Researchers have identified a number of occupational health risks through studies of farming communities, and some have specified farming as an especially stressful occupation. ![]() Further research will be required on climate change impacts, developing country farmers’ mental health, and information on how to reduce help-seeking barriers amongst farmers. Knowledge of farmer psychological disorder risk factors and its impacts are essential for reducing the burden of mental illness. Comparative studies on the mental health of farmers and other occupational workers showed mixed results, with a larger portion identifying that psychological health disturbances were more common in farmers and farm-workers. The majority of studies were from developed countries, most specifically from the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom. The four most-cited influences on farmers’ mental health in the reviewed literature respectively were pesticide exposure, financial difficulties, climate variabilities/drought, and poor physical health/past injuries. 167 articles on farmer mental health were included in a final systematic review using a standardized electronic literature search strategy and PRISMA guidelines. In particular, this review aims to fill an important gap in understanding of the potential key risk factors affecting farmers’ mental health around the world. We present a systematic review of the outcomes, locations, study designs, and methods of current studies on farmers’ mental health. Recently, concern has increased globally over farmers’ mental health issues.
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